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Ham Radio 2000 #2
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Ham Radio 2000 - Volume 2.iso
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DXH52ENG
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DXMAP.TXT
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1997-01-04
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INTRODUCTION.
This section describes keys, functions and miscellaneous details for
the DXMAP database program.
In the final part of this section some aspects are discussed such as
getting the best performances with advanced settings.
DXMAP contains all valid countries with associated prefixes and allows
you to map all the countries, per band and mode.
To map a country, means to indicate where (bands and modes) that
country has been worked (or confirmed) by marking it with crosses.
When a spot comes, DXHUNT analyses it, and checks if it has been
worked (or confirmed) on the spotted band and mode.
If a cross is found for that country, on the spotted band and mode, no
alert is performed. Notice that I say worked or confirmed: before
mapping any country, you'll have to decide the meaning to assign to
DXMAP's crosses, depending on your situation. There's no way to
distinguish worked countries by confirmed ones in DXMAP; you can mark
with crosses or leave empty with spaces; if you have many worked
countries and a few confirmed, I suggest you to mark both worked and
confirmed countries, to reduce alert frequency; otherwise if you have
many confirmed countries, you can mark confirmed countries
principally, and the worked ones that probably will become confirmed.
As a general rule, you can mark a country even if just worked, when
you have worked different calls for that country, because it's more
probable that you'll get a confirmation, while it's better not to mark
rare worked countries, if you have just one contact. By using SPECIAL
fields in DXMAP, you'll be able not to perform alerts for worked
calls, maintaining alerts for any not worked call of a same country
(see final part of this section: advanced settings). Prefix and
country data, including maps, are stored into PFXLIST.DAT and
CTRYLIST.DAT files; these 2 files are closely linked each other; you
can't import and/or replace just one of these two files from a
different archive: you must consider these files as a unique data
source; if you replace just one of them, you'll get seriuos problems.
If you get problems with any of the 2 data files, (example: if you
loose the exact matching between prefixes and countries) delete both
files and reinstall: 2 new data files will be created and the country
maps (the crosses previuosly entered) will be lost.
START. To start DXMAP, just type DXMAP at the DOS prompt, or load it
directly from DXHUNT with Alt-F1, or choose DXMAPPER from main MENU,
or start MENU with /m option.
INTERFACE OVERVIEW.
Immediately below the title bar, you find a permanent menu bar with
some of the main available functions; this menu bar reports some keys
with their associated function. Under the menu bar you have the
database window, showing, for each selected country, its associated
prefixes and, at the bottom, its DXCC map per band and mode. Close to
any band and mode cell, you have some counters reporting the score on
each band per mode. Then you have a central counter reporting the
mixed score on each band. At the bottom you find the counters with the
total score per mode, then the last counter with the total score,
mixed.
Just below the country list, you have an edit area, which becomes
active when you add a new prefix or a new country.
The line at the very bottom is reserved for warning or help messages.
The country list becomes the prefix list if you press F5, activating
the prefix list mode.
DXMAP.TXT page 1
KEYS. Here follows a list of the active keys and their functions.
Sometimes, when the called function performs important changes, a
confirmation is requested with a message ending with "(Y/N) ?"; if you
type "Y" (or "y"), then the function is executed, otherwise no.
Some menu bar keys appear less highlighted if not active in the
current context. The two different contexts are country list mode and
prefixed mode, toggled by F5.
Up Dn, PgUp PgDn, Home End, allow you to scroll the current list
(contry or prefix); when mapping countries (F6) Pg Up / Pg Dn change
to previous / next country map, validating the current map.
When in country list, you can select single prefixes for the selected
country with Left / Right keys.
F1 key: adds a new country if in country list; prints the prefix list
if in prefix list. When editing a new prefix, F1 displays on line help
for prefix editing rules; when you add a new country, remember to add
a new line in LOCATOR.INI with country name; latitude; longitude,
where the country name must be exactly the same chosen in DXMAP; the
suggested country name sorting order is the alphabetical one, but it's
not mandatory.
F2: adds a new prefix to the selected country if in country list;
prints the country list if in prefix list.
F3: (active in country list) renames the selected country; the map and
the prefixes of the old country are associated to the new name, while
the old name disappears; when renaming a country, remember to rename
it manually in LOCATOR.INI.
F4: search country (in country list), search prefix (in prefix list);
it allows to edit the name (or part of it) to search for.
F5: toggles between country list and prefix list modes.
F6: edits the map for a selected country (active in country list
mode); marks / unmarks the selected country as distant (if marked, any
spot originated from that country, will be filtered by DXHUNT).
F7: unmarks all countries previuosly marked as distant (active in
prefix list mode); if you marked any country as distant with F6, this
key restores them all to the unmarked state.
F8: deletes the selected country, with its associated prefixes and map
(active in country list mode).
F9: deletes the selected prefix from the prefix list of the selected
country (active in country list mode).
F10: saves current changes without exiting (active in country list
mode).
Alt-X: exits without saving changes.
In the next section you'll find further details about the main
functions just mentioned above.
FUNCTIONS.
DXMAP.TXT page 2
LIST SCROLLING: the current vertical list is scrolled with Up Dn, PgUp
Pg Dn and Home End keys. The horizontal prefix list is scrolled with
Left Right keys. When you scroll a list, you change the selected item
(highlighted) in the list; generally you can perform different
operations on a selected item.
ADDING A NEW COUNTRY. Activated by F1 in country list mode. Once you
press F1, the edit area under the prefix list becomes active; you can
edit the new country name, using a maximum of 12 characters; press
Enter to insert the new name in the country list; if the new name is
accepted, the country list will be displayed with the new name
highlighted.
A country name is not accepted if already present in the list.
If you use the special character "-" as the first character of the
country name, you create a SPECIAL COUNTRY, that will not be
considered when computing scores, and has a higher priority in
DXHUNT's prefix recognition.
Example: notice the -BLACK LIST special country; this special country
is marked as worked on any band and mode; this country is not
considered in the score computing and if you add any call to this
special country (F2), then no alert will be performed for any spot
with that call, even if that call belongs to a country that represents
a New One for you.
This is useful for certain calls who don't QSL.
Special countries are placed at the beginning of the country list, and
DXMAP skips them at start up, positioning the list at the first non
special country.
As described above, special countries have higher piority than normal
countries, in addition, special countries are analysed by DXHUNT also
on band and modes excluded in CONFIG; this makes DXHUNT more flexible
but requires some care when managing / creating special countries.
Save changes with F10 before exiting DXMAP, or any added country will
be ignored.
To learn more about special countries, see the final part of this
section where advanced use is discussed.
ADDING A NEW PREFIX. Activated by F2 in country list mode. Once you
press F2, the edit area under the prefix list becomes active; you can
edit the new prefix name, using a maximum of 11 characters; press
Enter to insert the new name in the prefix list for the selected
country; if the new name is accepted, the prefix list will be
displayed with the new name highlighted.
A prefix name is not accepted if already present in the prefix list of
the selected country (it might be already present in the prefix list
of another country, anyway), or if you used special characters in a
wrong way.
Be sure that the selected country is the right one, before adding any
new prefix. If the wanted country is not the selected one, you can
immediately locate it with the F4 search country function.
DXHUNT runs a very powerful engine to recognize prefixes; if you
follow some basic rules when entering new prefixes, you'll obtain the
best performances.
You can use some special characters that make it easier to deal with
certain common cases. These special characters and their meanings are
listed below.
Press F1 while editing a new prefix, for on line help about basic
rules and special characters; press any key to quit the on line help.
Save changes with F10 before exiting DXMAP, or any added prefix will
be ignored.
DXMAP.TXT page 3
Special character "-": use it when entering a prefix range, to divide
the range limits; ex. KA0-KZ9 means any prefix falling into the range
delimited by KA0 and KZ9 (including the range limits), so it matches
with KA0, KB0 KC0...KA1, KB1, KC1 and so on; the clear advantage is
that you express hundreds of prefix combinations in just one shot.
When using the "-" special characters, some basic rules must be
respected: the first range limit must alphabetically precede the
second limit (BBB-AAA is not OK, AAA-BBB is OK), and the range limits
width must be equal (AA-BBB is not OK, AA-BB is OK).
Maximum range limit width is of 5 characters (because the entire range
can't exceed the 11 characters limit) if you need to express wider
ranges, use "?" and "# (see below) instead of "-".
The variation field can be intermediate in a range limit (AAA-AZA is
OK and matches with AAA ABA ACA and so on).
The variation field can be any letter or number (A0A-A9Z is OK).
Special character "#": use it when a prefix range is identified by the
same letters but different numbers between 0 and 9.
Example 4U#ITU matches with 4U1ITU, 4U2ITU, 4U3ITU and so on.
Note: in this case you can't use 4U0ITU-4U9ITU cause it exceeds the 11
characters limits.
Special character ":": use it when a country is identified by a prefix
corp, followed by a backslash and a single letter.
Ex. FR:G matches with FR5XX/G or FR/IK4AAA/G.
Special character "?": it means any letter (not number). It is useful
if the country is identified by the number of characters in the prefix
corp Ex. KG4??. in GUANTANAMO matches with KG4AA but not with KG4A
(USA). The "?" special character is also useful to express A-Z letter
ranges.
For info about the "." character here used, see below.
Special character "*": defines a match with what preceding and/or
following the star character; ex 9K2*NLD matches with 9K2XX/NLD or
9K2YY/NLD, but not with 9K2XX/NMD.
Special character ".": in some cases you need to enter complete calls
in DXMAP instead of prefixes. This is specially true when you enter
prefixes for special countries (normally you need to enter entire
calls into the -BLACK LIST).
If the call is short, it might generate conflicts with longer calls
having a common root; the "." ending character avoids these conflicts.
Ex. KG4?? in GUANTANAMO matches both with KG4AA (GUANTANAMO, OK) and
with KG4AAA (USA, error), but KG4??. doesn't match with KG4AAA;
thats'why you find KG4??. in GUANTANAMO.
As a general rule, always terminate entire short calls with "." to
avoid conflicts.
Note: Some special characters may be used simultaneously into a single
prefix. "#" and "?" may be combined at any position except the first
(#XXX or ?XXX are not OK, K#?? is OK and is the same as K0AA-K9ZZ).
Character "." may be combined with any other special character (except
"-"; use "?" and "#", to define ranges ended by ".") and must be the
final character.
Characters "-", ":", "*" can't be combined with any other special
characters (except "."), "*" may be used also at first position (*NLD
is OK); blank characters in the middle of a prefix are not allowed (K
0 -K 9 is not OK).
*Note: in case of multiple matches, the longer one has the priority;
DXMAP.TXT page 4
ex. IS0AAA matches both with I (Italy) and IS (Sardinia) but the
latter has higher priority, cause longer.
*Note: a match with a "*" prefix has the highest priority; ex. if you
enter the I* prefix into Italy, IS0AAA is spotted as Italy (no longer
Sardinia).
Use "*" character with care, to avoid errors.
*Note: if you enter an entire call as a prefix, and the call contains
a backslash (/), DXMAP automatically replaces it with a star character
(*), and this causes no problems, but you can't enter calls containing
more than one backslash, cause DXMAP accepts single star characters
into a single prefix.
Ex. if you need to enter AAA/BBB/CCC, you can enter AAA*CCC, not
AAA*BBB*CCC (not accepted).
*Note: if you enter a callsign containing a star such as 9K2*NLD it
will match both with 9K2XX/NLD and with NLD/9K2XX; this is very useful
because often, spot calls are inverted.
*Note: if you enter a generic AAAA prefix it will not match with AAA
(too short) even if completely included, but it will match with AAAA
and with AAAAA; if you enter AAAA., it will match with AAAA, it will
not match with AAA (same as before) and it will not match with AAAAA.
Finally if you enter a generic range such as AAA-AZA (same as A?A) it
will match with AAA, ABA, ACA... AZA but not with ABB (the last B is
out) or with AB (too short).
The program includes a complete prefix/country list, updated at the
program's date time; if you need to add a prefix, but you are not sure
on how to implement it, first have a glance at the prefix list (F5),
to see how prefix groups and ranges have been created, in different
cases.
After having added a new prefix or range, you may want to check if the
addition is effective; you can use the F6 check prefix function, from
DXHUNT.
Remember to save DXMAP changes with F10, or your changes will be
ignored.
For further details on prefix recognition, see the final part of this
section, when discussing about advanced settings.
COUNTRY NAME CHANGE: select the country to rename, press F3 and type
the new name then Enter; the country will be renamed, its DXCC map and
associated prefixes will not be affected and the old name will
disappear; save with F10 to make the change effective.
SEARCH COUNTRY: activated with F4, in country list mode; after having
pressed F4, type the name to search for, or the initial part of it and
press Enter; the list will be positioned on the alphabetically closest
item. Ex. if you want to position the country list to GUANTANAMO,
press F4, then type GUA and press enter; you can type G, GU, GUA and
so on, but not ANTANAMO cause the part of the typed name must be
initial.
SEARCH PREFIX: as above, same key, same operations, but from prefix
list mode.
COUNTRY LIST AND PREFIX LIST MODES. You can toggle between these two
modes with F5; the main default mode is the country list, for each
country you have a prefix sublist which can be empty or very long;
this sublist represents the prefixes associated to the selected
country.
When toggling between the 2 modes, the same selected items are kept in
DXMAP.TXT page 5
both modes; this is a big advantage, when changing, searching and so
on.
MAPPING A COUNTRY: mapping a country means to indicate, for that
country where it has been worked, per band and mode.
To map a country, first select it in country list mode (you can search
for it with F4), then press F6; you can move across the map cells with
the arrow keys; if you press any alphanumeric key on a cell, you will
mark that cell as worked (or confirmed) with an "X"; if you press the
spacebar you will unmark the current cell. To validate a map, you can
press Enter, or PgUp PgDn. With Enter you'll leave the map mode, while
with PgUP PgDn you will remain in map mode, passing to the previous or
next country map.
To ignore map changes press Esc: you will leave the map mode and the
previous map will be restored.
Even if you validate map changes with Enter, PgUp or PgDn, you'll have
to save changes to file, with F10, to make them effective; if you
leave DXMAP with Alt-X, without saving, any map change will be
ignored.
If you press Alt-X with active pending changes, DXMAP will warn you;
to save pending changes press F10 twice (the first F10 will be
interpreted as a No answer to exit) then answer with Y.
If you use a convertable log (such as DXBASE), you can map the
countries automatically (see file CONVERT.TXT).
PREFIX DELETION: it is activated with F8 in country list mode; it
refers to the selected prefix for the current country; if you want to
delete a prefix but you don't remember its country, proceed as
follows: switch to prefix list mode with F5, search for the prefix
with F4, then switch again to country list mode with F5 and delete the
prefix with F8.
Save changes with F10 before exiting DXMAP, or the deletion will be
ignored.
COUNTRY DELETION: it is activated with F9 in country list mode; it
refers to the selected country; if you delete a country, all its
associated prefixes will be lost. If you want to rename an existing
country, you need not to delete and recreate it, use F3 instead.
Save changes with F10 before exiting DXMAP, or the deletion will be
ignored.
SAVE CHANGES: to save any data change (map, additions, deletions), use
F10 when in country list mode.
You can use F10 to save the current situation without quitting the
program; this is useful when you plan to make many changes during a
long DXMAP session; if you don't save with F10, in case of Black out,
you'll loose all your session work; use F10 periodically to save your
work during a session, especially the first time, when you map all the
countries.
EXIT WITHOUT SAVING: if there are pending changes and you press Alt-X,
then DXMAP warns you, and if you answer Y (yes) you exit the program,
without saving pending changes. This can be useful if, after having
made some changes, you've changed your mind and you want to restore
the previous situation.
PRINTING THE LISTS: you have 2 printable lists, the prefix list and
the country list. The prefix list is organized in different numbered
and dated pages, each page made up of 2 prefix/country columns;
prefixes are numbered in alphabetical order. You can print this list
DXMAP.TXT page 6
both on printer and on file by pressing F1 (in prefix list mode) and
answering P for printer, F for file.
If you choose F (file) the prefix list is stored into PLIST.TXT file.
The country list is organized on different pages, each page is
numbered and dated and shows countries ordered by alphabetical order
at the left, with the associated DXCC situation at the right. The list
is closed by a score report per band, per mode and mixed. You can
print this list both on printer and on file by pressing F2 (in prefix
list mode) and answering P for printer, F for file.
If you choose F (file) the country list is stored into CLIST.TXT file.
Printing these lists periodically is a good mean to check both the DX
activity and if the prefix list is correctly built.
MARKING A COUNTRY AS DISTANT: first select a country, press F5 to
toggle to prefix list mode then press F6 to mark that country as
distant.
Once a country has been marked, it will be showed blinking.
Marking a country as distant is useful if you want alerts not to be
performed for spots originated (DX de CALL... CALL belongs to the
originating country) from the marked country because probably that
contact is not feasible for you.
This normally happens if your DX CLUSTER NET contains internet nodes:
some spots are originated from very far away places, and, often the
contact is unprobable.
The filter is automatically enabled by DXHUNT, if any distant marked
country is detected.
To restore a DISTANT country to NORMAL (unmarked) select it and press
F6 again from prefix list mode, or F7 to unmark all the DISTANT
countries with a single shot.
When a new one is originated by a distant country, it's not alerted
but it's displayed; a FILTERED SPOT comment is attached to it and it
is added to the New One list, thus useful for statistical purposes.
DXMAP: ADVANCED SETTINGS, FOR BEST PERFORMANCE.
There are some special features you can obtain using DXMAP; they are
not so obvious, and this paragraph explains how to operate, to get
them.
A particular attention is payed on the special countries and their
utility.
The special countries are displayed at the beginning of the country
list;
their common characteristic is the first "-" character; this tells
DXMAP not to consider them when computing scores, while tells DXHUNT
to consider them with higher priority, also on excluded band and/or
modes. The simplest special character is the -BLACK LIST; this special
country is marked with crosses on any band and mode; if you insert a
call or a prefix into the -BLACK LIST, no alert will be performed for
that call or prefix, in any case.
Example: let's suppose you don't want alerts for a certain call who
doesn't QSL, even if the call represents a new one; in this case you
add that call to the -BLACK LIST; if that call is spotted, no alert is
performed, if another call is spotted from the same new one country,
an alert is performed.
Remember, if the call is short, close it with a "." to avoid
conflicts.
The -MOBILE special country has the same characteristics as the -BLACK
DXMAP.TXT page 7
LIST but its name has a different meaning (it includes mobiles only).
Note that there are many other special countries, differently mapped.
Read the following lines to know their utility.
Example: you worked a call from a rare country on a certain band and
mode; now you don't want DXHUNT to alert that call if it's spotted on
the same band and mode, but you want it to be alerted if spotted on
any other band, and you want any other call from the same country to
be alerted even if spotted on the same band.
In this case you can't add that call to the -BLACK LIST because if
that call is spotted on any other band, you loose alerts; you can't
mark its country as worked on that band and mode, because you would
loose alerts for other calls from the same country, spotted on the
same band and mode.
Let's take a real example to make things easier. Let's suppose that
you worked the call NW0NE on 40m SSB; the call NW0NE belongs to the
RARE ISLAND country, which is a new one for you. Now you don't want
alerts any longer for NW0NE on 40m SSB, but you still want alerts for
NW0NE on any other band and/or mode, then you still want alerts on 40m
SSB for any other call from the same country (RARE ISLAND).
There are 2 ways to solve this problem: the first is to create a
special country named -NW0NE (the special country name is not
important, the only important thing is the "-" first character)
containing the call NW0NE (note, the entire call); this country must
be marked with a cross on 40m SSB, and free on any other band and
mode, you're interested in.
This works because if NW0NE is spotted on 40m, DXHUNT detects 2
matches: one with NW0 prefix, in RARE ISLAND, which is not marked on
40m SSB; the second match is with NW0NE in -NW0NE, which has higher
priority and is marked on 40m SSB, so no alert is performed.
If NW0NS is spotted on 40m SSB, DXHUNT detects only a match, the one
with N0 in RARE ISLAND, which is not marked on 40m SSB, so an alert is
performed.
Remember: if you excluded some bands and/or modes in config, you have
to mark the -NW0NE special country on excluded cells, to avoid
undesired alerts.
This way works but is not very flexible (you have to create a new
special country for every particular case).
The same result is obtained using the special countries -NNm where NN
identifies a band and m, if present, is C and means CW mode.
So -10 means special on 10 meters SSB, while -10C means special on 10
meters CW.
Note that each -NNm special is marked everywhere, except the band and
mode it represents.
If you add the NW0NE entire call to all the specials -NNm, except -40,
you reach the target (you have to add the entire call to any band/mode
you're interested in).
Infact if NW0NE is spotted on 40m SSB, DXHUNT finds many special
matches, all with the same priority, all marked on 40m SSB, plus the
non special match with NW0 in RARE ISLAND which is not marked on 40m
SSB, but has a lower priority.
If NW0NE is spotted on 20m SSB, DXHUNT still finds many matches, with
the same priority (plus the one with lower priority, so negligible),
all marked on 20m SSB except one: the -20. In this case, an alert is
performed because when DXHUNT is in doubt (the priority is equal), it
votes for the unmarked case (in this case -20).
If NW0NS is spotted on 40m SB, it's alerted cause DXHUNT still detects
a single match for it: NW0 in RARE ISLAND, which is not marked.
So, as a general rule, add rare worked calls only to -NNm specials
DXMAP.TXT page 8
where you still want an alert for that call.
As soon as you work NW0NE also on 20 ssb, you'll remove it from -20
and so on.
Finally, the -ALL special country is useful if you want an alert to be
performed for a call belonging to a marked country.
Example: you worked Morocco everywhere, but a good friend of yours is
in holiday there with the CN2VA call, so you add the entire CN2VA call
to the -ALL special country, to have alerts when your friend is
spotted.
Remember to mark any excluded band and/or modes in -ALL, if you add
any prefix or call to this special country, in order to avoid spurious
alerts.
The special countries are not the only way to obtain customized
alerts; there is another important parameter which influences the "non
special" country alerts. This parameter is the new one discrimination
mode. See file CONFIG.TXT for complete details about this very
important parameter.
The filter on distant spots, special countries and new one
discrimination capabilities, make DXHUNT very effective and unique, in
performing alerts when needed; if correctly configured and customized,
it can also be operated at night-time, with good results; of course
the art of avoiding spurious night-time alerts is very important; if
you read the documentation carefully you'll learn this art very
quickly.
You can connect the PC audio output to a RTX with vox capability, so
you can remotize alerts, redirecting them to a receiver close to you,
without disturbing the family...
This "advanced settings" above described are not so difficult to
understand, but if you find them hard, don't worry and use DXHUNT and
DXMAP in the normal basic way:
mark worked countries, hoping in the confirmation.
THE DXHUNTER: THE SOFT WAY OF HUNTING!!!.
DXMAP.TXT page 9